STMicroelectronics 产品

STP5NB40

STMicroelectronics

MOSFET N-CH 400V 4.7A TO-220

• FET Type: N-Channel
• Technology: MOSFET (Metal Oxide)
• Drain to Source Voltage (Vdss): 400V
• Current - Continuous Drain (Id) @ 25°C: 4.7A (Tc)
• Drive Voltage (Max Rds On, Min Rds On): 10V
• Vgs(th) (Max) @ Id: 5V @ 250µA
• Gate Charge (Qg) (Max) @ Vgs: 20nC @ 10V
• Input Capacitance (Ciss) (Max) @ Vds: 405pF @ 25V
• Vgs (Max): ±30V
• FET Feature: -
• Power Dissipation (Max): 80W (Tc)
• Rds On (Max) @ Id, Vgs: 1.8 Ohm @ 2.3A, 10V
• Operating Temperature: 150°C (TJ)
• Mounting Type: Through Hole
• Supplier Device Package: TO-220AB
• Package / Case: TO-220-3

封装: TO-220-3

STW33N60DM2

STMicroelectronics

MOSFET N-CH 600V 24A

• FET Type: N-Channel
• Technology: MOSFET (Metal Oxide)
• Drain to Source Voltage (Vdss): 600V
• Current - Continuous Drain (Id) @ 25°C: 24A (Tc)
• Drive Voltage (Max Rds On, Min Rds On): 10V
• Vgs(th) (Max) @ Id: 5V @ 250µA
• Gate Charge (Qg) (Max) @ Vgs: 43nC @ 10V
• Input Capacitance (Ciss) (Max) @ Vds: 1870pF @ 100V
• Vgs (Max): ±25V
• FET Feature: -
• Power Dissipation (Max): 190W (Tc)
• Rds On (Max) @ Id, Vgs: 130 mOhm @ 12A, 10V
• Operating Temperature: -55°C ~ 150°C (TJ)
• Mounting Type: Through Hole
• Supplier Device Package: TO-247
• Package / Case: TO-247-3

封装: TO-247-3

STH12N120K5-2

STMicroelectronics

MOSFET N-CH 1200V 12A H2PAK-2

• FET Type: N-Channel
• Technology: MOSFET (Metal Oxide)
• Drain to Source Voltage (Vdss): 1200V
• Current - Continuous Drain (Id) @ 25°C: 12A (Tc)
• Drive Voltage (Max Rds On, Min Rds On): 10V
• Vgs(th) (Max) @ Id: 5V @ 100µA
• Gate Charge (Qg) (Max) @ Vgs: 44.2nC @ 10V
• Input Capacitance (Ciss) (Max) @ Vds: 1370pF @ 100V
• Vgs (Max): ±30V
• FET Feature: -
• Power Dissipation (Max): 250W (Tc)
• Rds On (Max) @ Id, Vgs: 690 mOhm @ 6A, 10V
• Operating Temperature: -55°C ~ 150°C (TJ)
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Supplier Device Package: H2Pak-2
• Package / Case: TO-263-3, D2Pak (2 Leads + Tab) Variant

封装: TO-263-3, D2Pak (2 Leads + Tab) Variant

STI26NM60N

STMicroelectronics

MOSFET N-CH 600V 20A I2PAK

• FET Type: N-Channel
• Technology: MOSFET (Metal Oxide)
• Drain to Source Voltage (Vdss): 600V
• Current - Continuous Drain (Id) @ 25°C: 20A (Tc)
• Drive Voltage (Max Rds On, Min Rds On): 10V
• Vgs(th) (Max) @ Id: 4V @ 250µA
• Gate Charge (Qg) (Max) @ Vgs: 60nC @ 10V
• Input Capacitance (Ciss) (Max) @ Vds: 1800pF @ 50V
• Vgs (Max): ±25V
• FET Feature: -
• Power Dissipation (Max): 140W (Tc)
• Rds On (Max) @ Id, Vgs: 165 mOhm @ 10A, 10V
• Operating Temperature: 150°C (TJ)
• Mounting Type: Through Hole
• Supplier Device Package: I2PAK
• Package / Case: TO-262-3 Long Leads, I2Pak, TO-262AA

封装: TO-262-3 Long Leads, I2Pak, TO-262AA

BUT11A

STMicroelectronics

TRANS NPN 450V 5A TO-220

• Transistor Type: NPN
• Current - Collector (Ic) (Max): 5A
• Voltage - Collector Emitter Breakdown (Max): 450V
• Vce Saturation (Max) @ Ib, Ic: 1.5V @ 500mA, 2.5A
• Current - Collector Cutoff (Max): 1mA
• DC Current Gain (hFE) (Min) @ Ic, Vce: 10 @ 500mA, 5V
• Power - Max: 83W
• Frequency - Transition: -
• Operating Temperature: 150°C (TJ)
• Mounting Type: Through Hole
• Package / Case: TO-220-3
• Supplier Device Package: TO-220

封装: TO-220-3

STTA812D

STMicroelectronics

DIODE GEN PURP 1.2KV 8A TO220AC

• Diode Type: Standard
• Voltage - DC Reverse (Vr) (Max): 1200V
• Current - Average Rectified (Io): 8A
• Voltage - Forward (Vf) (Max) @ If: 2.2V @ 8A
• Speed: Fast Recovery =< 500ns, > 200mA (Io)
• Reverse Recovery Time (trr): 100ns
• Current - Reverse Leakage @ Vr: 100µA @ 1200V
• Capacitance @ Vr, F: -
• Mounting Type: Through Hole
• Package / Case: TO-220-2
• Supplier Device Package: TO-220AC
• Operating Temperature - Junction: 150°C (Max)

封装: TO-220-2

STPS2L60A

STMicroelectronics

DIODE SCHOTTKY 60V 2A SMA

• Diode Type: Schottky
• Voltage - DC Reverse (Vr) (Max): 60V
• Current - Average Rectified (Io): 2A
• Voltage - Forward (Vf) (Max) @ If: 600mV @ 2A
• Speed: Fast Recovery =< 500ns, > 200mA (Io)
• Reverse Recovery Time (trr): -
• Current - Reverse Leakage @ Vr: 100µA @ 60V
• Capacitance @ Vr, F: -
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: DO-214AC, SMA
• Supplier Device Package: SMA (DO-214AC)
• Operating Temperature - Junction: 150°C (Max)

封装: DO-214AC, SMA

STTH1003G

STMicroelectronics

DIODE ARRAY GP 300V 10A D2PAK

• Diode Configuration: 1 Pair Common Cathode
• Diode Type: Standard
• Voltage - DC Reverse (Vr) (Max): 300V
• Current - Average Rectified (Io) (per Diode): 10A
• Voltage - Forward (Vf) (Max) @ If: 1.3V @ 10A
• Speed: Fast Recovery =< 500ns, > 200mA (Io)
• Reverse Recovery Time (trr): 35ns
• Current - Reverse Leakage @ Vr: 10µA @ 300V
• Operating Temperature - Junction: -
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: TO-263-3, D2Pak (2 Leads + Tab), TO-263AB
• Supplier Device Package: D2PAK

封装: TO-263-3, D2Pak (2 Leads + Tab), TO-263AB

STPS40M60CR

STMicroelectronics

DIODE ARRAY SCHOTTKY 60V I2PAK

• Diode Configuration: 1 Pair Common Cathode
• Diode Type: Schottky
• Voltage - DC Reverse (Vr) (Max): 60V
• Current - Average Rectified (Io) (per Diode): 20A
• Voltage - Forward (Vf) (Max) @ If: 595mV @ 20A
• Speed: Fast Recovery =< 500ns, > 200mA (Io)
• Reverse Recovery Time (trr): -
• Current - Reverse Leakage @ Vr: 110µA @ 60V
• Operating Temperature - Junction: 150°C (Max)
• Mounting Type: Through Hole
• Package / Case: TO-262-3 Long Leads, I2Pak, TO-262AA
• Supplier Device Package: I2PAK

封装: TO-262-3 Long Leads, I2Pak, TO-262AA

LNBP15SP-TR

STMicroelectronics

IC LNB SUPPLY & CNTRL 10-PWRSOIC

• Applications: Converter, Analog and Digital Satellite Receivers
• Voltage - Input: 15 V ~ 25 V
• Number of Outputs: 1
• Voltage - Output: 13V, 18V
• Operating Temperature: 0°C ~ 85°C
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: PowerSO-10 Exposed Bottom Pad
• Supplier Device Package: 10-PowerSO

封装: PowerSO-10 Exposed Bottom Pad

LD39080PT-R

STMicroelectronics

IC REG LINEAR POS ADJ 800MA PPAK

• Output Configuration: Positive
• Output Type: Adjustable
• Number of Regulators: 1
• Voltage - Input (Max): 6V
• Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed): 1.22V
• Voltage - Output (Max): 5V
• Voltage Dropout (Max): 0.3V @ 800mA
• Current - Output: 800mA
• Current - Quiescent (Iq): -
• Current - Supply (Max): 2.5mA
• PSRR: 65dB ~ 55dB (120Hz ~ 1kHz)
• Control Features: Enable
• Protection Features: Over Current, Over Temperature, Short Circuit
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 125°C
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: TO-252-5, DPak (4 Leads + Tab), TO-252AD
• Supplier Device Package: PPAK

封装: TO-252-5, DPak (4 Leads + Tab), TO-252AD

LDF33DT-TR

STMicroelectronics

IC REG LINEAR 3.3V 1A DPAK

• Output Configuration: Positive
• Output Type: Fixed
• Number of Regulators: 1
• Voltage - Input (Max): 16V
• Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed): 3.3V
• Voltage - Output (Max): -
• Voltage Dropout (Max): 0.5V @ 1A
• Current - Output: 1A
• Current - Quiescent (Iq): -
• Current - Supply (Max): 800µA
• PSRR: 60dB ~ 45dB (120Hz ~ 100kHz)
• Control Features: Enable, Power Good
• Protection Features: Over Current, Over Temperature, Under Voltage Lockout (UVLO)
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 125°C
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: TO-252-3, DPak (2 Leads + Tab), SC-63
• Supplier Device Package: DPAK

封装: TO-252-3, DPak (2 Leads + Tab), SC-63

LDK120PU29R

STMicroelectronics

IC REG LINEAR 2.9V 200MA 6DFN

• Output Configuration: Positive
• Output Type: Fixed
• Number of Regulators: 1
• Voltage - Input (Max): 5.5V
• Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed): 2.9V
• Voltage - Output (Max): -
• Voltage Dropout (Max): -
• Current - Output: 200mA
• Current - Quiescent (Iq): -
• Current - Supply (Max): 60µA ~ 100µA
• PSRR: 55dB (120Hz ~ 10kHz)
• Control Features: Enable
• Protection Features: Over Current, Over Temperature
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 125°C
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: 6-XFDFN
• Supplier Device Package: 6-DFN (1.2x1.3)

封装: 6-XFDFN

L78L09CD13TR

STMicroelectronics

IC REG LINEAR 9V 100MA 8SO

• Output Configuration: Positive
• Output Type: Fixed
• Number of Regulators: 1
• Voltage - Input (Max): 30V
• Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed): 9V
• Voltage - Output (Max): -
• Voltage Dropout (Max): -
• Current - Output: 100mA
• Current - Quiescent (Iq): -
• Current - Supply (Max): 5.5mA ~ 6mA
• PSRR: 44dB (120Hz)
• Control Features: -
• Protection Features: Over Current, Over Temperature, Short Circuit
• Operating Temperature: 0°C ~ 125°C
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: 8-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width)
• Supplier Device Package: 8-SO

封装: 8-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width)

L7824CP

STMicroelectronics

IC REG LINEAR 24V 1.5A TO220FP

• Output Configuration: Positive
• Output Type: Fixed
• Number of Regulators: 1
• Voltage - Input (Max): 40V
• Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed): 24V
• Voltage - Output (Max): -
• Voltage Dropout (Max): 2V @ 1A (Typ)
• Current - Output: 1.5A
• Current - Quiescent (Iq): -
• Current - Supply (Max): 8mA
• PSRR: 50dB (120Hz)
• Control Features: -
• Protection Features: Over Temperature, Short Circuit
• Operating Temperature: 0°C ~ 125°C
• Mounting Type: Through Hole
• Package / Case: TO-220-3 Full Pack
• Supplier Device Package: TO-220FP

封装: TO-220-3 Full Pack

L7981A

STMicroelectronics

IC REG BUCK ADJ 3A 8HSOP

• Function: Step-Down
• Output Configuration: Positive
• Topology: Buck
• Output Type: Adjustable
• Number of Outputs: 1
• Voltage - Input (Min): 4.5V
• Voltage - Input (Max): 28V
• Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed): 0.6V
• Voltage - Output (Max): 28V
• Current - Output: 3A
• Frequency - Switching: 250kHz ~ 1MHz
• Synchronous Rectifier: No
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 150°C (TJ)
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: 8-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width) Exposed Pad
• Supplier Device Package: 8-HSOP Exposed Pad

封装: 8-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width) Exposed Pad

STM802SM6F

STMicroelectronics

SUPERVISOR 3V SWITCH OVER 8SOIC

• Type: Simple Reset/Power-On Reset
• Number of Voltages Monitored: 1
• Output: Push-Pull, Totem Pole
• Reset: Active Low
• Reset Timeout: 140 ms Minimum
• Voltage - Threshold: 2.925V
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: 8-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width)
• Supplier Device Package: 8-SOIC

封装: 8-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width)

VN920SO-E

STMicroelectronics

IC DRIVER HIGH SIDE 16-SOIC

• Switch Type: General Purpose
• Number of Outputs: 1
• Ratio - Input:Output: 1:1
• Output Configuration: High Side
• Output Type: N-Channel
• Interface: On/Off
• Voltage - Load: 5.5 V ~ 36 V
• Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd): Not Required
• Current - Output (Max): 30A
• Rds On (Typ): 16 mOhm (Max)
• Input Type: Non-Inverting
• Features: Auto Restart
• Fault Protection: Current Limiting (Fixed), Over Temperature, Over Voltage
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 150°C (TJ)
• Package / Case: 16-SOIC (0.295", 7.50mm Width)
• Supplier Device Package: 16-SO

封装: 16-SOIC (0.295", 7.50mm Width)

TDE1767ADP

STMicroelectronics

IC RELAY & LAMP DRIVER 8-DIP

• Switch Type: Relay, Solenoid Driver
• Number of Outputs: 1
• Ratio - Input:Output: 1:1
• Output Configuration: High Side
• Output Type: Bipolar
• Interface: On/Off
• Voltage - Load: 6 V ~ 55 V
• Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd): Not Required
• Current - Output (Max): 1.3A
• Rds On (Typ): -
• Input Type: Inverting, Non-Inverting
• Features: -
• Fault Protection: Current Limiting (Adjustable), Over Temperature
• Operating Temperature: -25°C ~ 85°C (TA)
• Package / Case: 8-DIP (0.300", 7.62mm)
• Supplier Device Package: 8-DIP

封装: 8-DIP (0.300", 7.62mm)

UC3842BN

STMicroelectronics

IC REG CTRLR PWM CM 8-MINIDIP

• Output Isolation: Isolated
• Internal Switch(s): No
• Voltage - Breakdown: -
• Topology: Forward
• Voltage - Start Up: 16V
• Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd): 10 V ~ 30 V
• Duty Cycle: 96%
• Frequency - Switching: Up to 500kHz
• Power (Watts): -
• Fault Protection: Current Limiting
• Control Features: Frequency Control
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 150°C (TJ)
• Package / Case: 8-DIP (0.300", 7.62mm)
• Supplier Device Package: 8-Mini DIP
• Mounting Type: Through Hole

封装: 8-DIP (0.300", 7.62mm)

M93C56-MN6P

STMicroelectronics

IC EEPROM 2KBIT 2MHZ 8SO

• Memory Type: Non-Volatile
• Memory Format: EEPROM
• Technology: EEPROM
• Memory Size: 2Kb (256 x 8, 128 x 16)
• Memory Interface: SPI
• Clock Frequency: 2MHz
• Write Cycle Time - Word, Page: 5ms
• Access Time: -
• Voltage - Supply: 4.5 V ~ 5.5 V
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: 8-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width)
• Supplier Device Package: 8-SO

封装: 8-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width)

M27C4002-90C1

STMicroelectronics

IC OTP 4MBIT 90NS 44PLCC

• Memory Type: Non-Volatile
• Memory Format: EPROM
• Technology: EPROM - OTP
• Memory Size: 4Mb (256K x 16)
• Memory Interface: Parallel
• Clock Frequency: -
• Write Cycle Time - Word, Page: -
• Access Time: 90ns
• Voltage - Supply: 4.5 V ~ 5.5 V
• Operating Temperature: 0°C ~ 70°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: 44-LCC (J-Lead)
• Supplier Device Package: 44-PLCC (16.51x16.51)

封装: 44-LCC (J-Lead)

M24C01-WBN6

STMicroelectronics

IC EEPROM 1KBIT 400KHZ 8DIP

• Memory Type: Non-Volatile
• Memory Format: EEPROM
• Technology: EEPROM
• Memory Size: 1Kb (128 x 8)
• Memory Interface: I2C
• Clock Frequency: 400kHz
• Write Cycle Time - Word, Page: 5ms
• Access Time: 900ns
• Voltage - Supply: 2.5 V ~ 5.5 V
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: Through Hole
• Package / Case: 8-DIP (0.300", 7.62mm)
• Supplier Device Package: 8-PDIP

封装: 8-DIP (0.300", 7.62mm)

TS4890IDT

STMicroelectronics

IC AMP AUDIO PWR 1W MONO 8SOIC

• Type: Class AB
• Output Type: 1-Channel (Mono)
• Max Output Power x Channels @ Load: 1W x 1 @ 8 Ohm
• Voltage - Supply: 2.5 V ~ 5.5 V
• Features: Depop, Standby, Thermal Protection
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C (TA)
• Supplier Device Package: 8-SO
• Package / Case: 8-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width)

封装: 8-SOIC (0.154", 3.90mm Width)

STM32F407IGT7

STMicroelectronics

IC MCU 32BIT 1MB FLASH 176LQFP

• Core Processor: ARM? Cortex?-M4
• Core Size: 32-Bit
• Speed: 168MHz
• Connectivity: CAN, DCMI, EBI/EMI, Ethernet, I2C, IrDA, LIN, SPI, UART/USART, USB OTG
• Peripherals: Brown-out Detect/Reset, DMA, I2S, LCD, POR, PWM, WDT
• Number of I/O: 140
• Program Memory Size: 1MB (1M x 8)
• Program Memory Type: FLASH
• EEPROM Size: -
• RAM Size: 192K x 8
• Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd): 1.8 V ~ 3.6 V
• Data Converters: A/D 24x12b, D/A 2x12b
• Oscillator Type: Internal
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 105°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: -
• Package / Case: 176-LQFP
• Supplier Device Package: 176-LQFP (24x24)

封装: 176-LQFP

STM32F446VET7

STMicroelectronics

IC MCU 32BIT 512KB FLASH 100LQFP

• Core Processor: ARM? Cortex?-M4
• Core Size: 32-Bit
• Speed: 180MHz
• Connectivity: CAN, EBI/EMI, I2C, IrDA, LIN, SAI, SD, SPDIF-Rx, SPI, UART/USART, USB, USB OTG
• Peripherals: Brown-out Detect/Reset, DMA, I2S, LVD, POR, PWM, WDT
• Number of I/O: 81
• Program Memory Size: 512KB (512K x 8)
• Program Memory Type: FLASH
• EEPROM Size: -
• RAM Size: 128K x 8
• Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd): 1.7 V ~ 3.6 V
• Data Converters: A/D 16x12b, D/A 2x12b
• Oscillator Type: Internal
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 105°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: -
• Package / Case: 100-LQFP
• Supplier Device Package: 100-LQFP (14x14)

封装: 100-LQFP

SPC560B54L5C6E0X

STMicroelectronics

IC MCU 32BIT 768KB FLASH 144LQFP

• Core Processor: e200z0h
• Core Size: 32-Bit
• Speed: 64MHz
• Connectivity: CAN, I2C, LIN, SCI, SPI, UART/USART
• Peripherals: DMA, LVD, POR, PWM, WDT
• Number of I/O: 121
• Program Memory Size: 768KB (768K x 8)
• Program Memory Type: FLASH
• EEPROM Size: -
• RAM Size: 64K x 8
• Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd): 3 V ~ 5.5 V
• Data Converters: A/D 53x10/12b
• Oscillator Type: Internal
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 125°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: -
• Package / Case: 144-LQFP
• Supplier Device Package: 144-LQFP (20x20)

封装: 144-LQFP

STM32F301C8T7

STMicroelectronics

IC MCU 32BIT 64KB FLASH 48LQFP

• Core Processor: ARM? Cortex?-M4
• Core Size: 32-Bit
• Speed: 72MHz
• Connectivity: I2C, IrDA, LIN, SPI, UART/USART
• Peripherals: DMA, I2S, POR, PWM, WDT
• Number of I/O: 37
• Program Memory Size: 64KB (64K x 8)
• Program Memory Type: FLASH
• EEPROM Size: -
• RAM Size: 16K x 8
• Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd): 2 V ~ 3.6 V
• Data Converters: A/D 8x12b, D/A 1x12b
• Oscillator Type: Internal
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 105°C (TA)
• Mounting Type: -
• Package / Case: 48-LQFP
• Supplier Device Package: 48-LQFP (7x7)

封装: 48-LQFP

TDA7500A

STMicroelectronics

IC PROCESSOR AM/FM DGTL 100-TQFP

• Function: Fully Integrated Processor
• Applications: Digital Audio Interfacing
• Number of Channels: 6
• Interface: I2C, SPI
• Voltage - Supply: 3.15 V ~ 3.45 V
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 125°C (TJ)
• Specifications: AM, FM
• Package / Case: 100-LQFP Exposed Pad
• Supplier Device Package: 100-TQFP-EP (14x14)

封装: 100-LQFP Exposed Pad

STLQ020PUR

STMicroelectronics

IC REG LINEAR POS ADJ 200MA 6DFN

• Output Configuration: Positive
• Output Type: Adjustable
• Number of Regulators: 1
• Voltage - Input (Max): 5.5V
• Voltage - Output (Min/Fixed): 0.8V
• Voltage - Output (Max): 4.5V
• Voltage Dropout (Max): -
• Current - Output: 200mA
• Current - Quiescent (Iq): 1µA
• Current - Supply (Max): 150µA
• PSRR: 60dB ~ 50dB (100Hz ~ 10kHz)
• Control Features: Enable
• Protection Features: Over Current, Over Temperature
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 125°C
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: 6-VFDFN Exposed Pad
• Supplier Device Package: 6-DFN (2x2)

封装: 6-VFDFN Exposed Pad